Vitamin

Vitamin b12

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, supports two major enzyme pathways involved in DNA production, nerve function and cellular metabolism. Its normal absorption depends partly on a stomach-produced protein called intrinsic factor.

It contributes to normal red blood cell formation, nervous-system function and energy-yielding metabolism.

In everyday life, Vitamin B12 supports red blood cell formation, a well-functioning nervous system and the normal energy pathways that power daily life.

Its nutritional contribution depends on the amount provided and overall dietary intake.

Ingredient overview

What it is

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, supports two major enzyme pathways involved in DNA production, nerve function and cellular metabolism. Its normal absorption depends partly on a stomach-produced protein called intrinsic factor.

  • Scientific identity: Vitamin B12; molecule: Cobalamin, cobalt-centred corrin ring.
  • How it works: Released from food protein: Stomach acid and pepsin free the cobalamin so it can be handled. Bound to intrinsic factor: A stomach protein binds it and escorts it the length of the small intestine.
  • Primary function: It contributes to normal red blood cell formation, nervous-system function and energy-yielding metabolism.
  • What it supports: Vitamin B12 supports red blood cell formation, a well-functioning nervous system and the normal energy pathways that power daily life.
  • Important consideration: Its nutritional contribution depends on the amount provided and overall dietary intake.

Formulation rationale

Why we use it

CARPEDIEM selected Vitamin B12 for a clearly defined role within a thoughtfully balanced formulation.

  • Formulation purpose: It contributes to normal red blood cell formation, nervous-system function and energy-yielding metabolism.
  • Used in: CARPEDIEM MultiWomen, CARPEDIEM Women’s Beauty & Wellness Stack and CARPEDIEM MultiTeen and other appropriate CARPEDIEM formulations.
  • Works alongside: Vitamin B12 complements Folic Acid, Iron and Vitamin C to support comprehensive daily nutritional support.
  • Meaningful contribution: Vitamin B12 supports red blood cell formation, a well-functioning nervous system and the normal energy pathways that power daily life. Supports the metabolic pathways that help convert nutrients into usable cellular energy.
  • Quality and scientific context: Its nutritional contribution depends on the amount provided and overall dietary intake. 3 ingredient-specific studies are included because the research reports a relevant benefit.

Ingredient intelligence

How it works

The most elaborate absorption route of any vitamin - and it fills up fast.

Step 01 / 04

Freed from food.

Stomach acid and pepsin release cobalamin from the protein it is bound to in food.

01 / 04

Molecule

Cobalamin - the only vitamin with a metal

Metal at its centre

Cobalt

Absorption limit

~1.5 to 2 mcg per dose

Made in nature by

Bacteria only

Descriptive of the ingredient's established biology. Not a claim to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Functional role

All key functions

The complete functional profile connected with this ingredient.

Supports the normal formation of red blood cells and healthy blood-cell development.

Contributes to normal nervous-system function and communication between nerve cells.

Supports the metabolic pathways that help convert nutrients into usable cellular energy.

Works alongside folate in normal DNA synthesis and ongoing cell division.

Contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism and related methylation pathways.

Supports normal psychological function as part of balanced daily nutrition.

Supports red blood cell formation, a well-functioning nervous system and the normal energy pathways that power daily life.

Complements Folic Acid and Iron within a more complete, scientifically balanced daily formulation.

Scientific evidence

Selected research

Open the original paper, PubMed record or DOI page for the full publication.

01

Oral cyanocobalamin supplementation in older people with vitamin B12 deficiency: a dose-finding trial

Archives of Internal Medicine

A randomized double-blind dose-finding trial assessed oral cyanocobalamin in older adults with mild vitamin B12 deficiency. It demonstrated dose-related correction of biochemical deficiency markers and supports purposeful dosing when inadequate status is present.
2005
02

Oral vitamin B12 versus intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

This Cochrane review compared oral and intramuscular vitamin B12 for deficiency. Low-quality randomized evidence suggested both routes can normalize B12 status, emphasizing that route and dose should match the individual clinical context.
2018
03

Effective treatment of cobalamin deficiency with oral cobalamin

Blood

This clinical trial compared high-dose oral cyanocobalamin with intramuscular treatment in cobalamin deficiency. Oral therapy produced strong biochemical responses, supporting passive absorption at appropriately high doses.
1998

Related ingredients

Complementary by function

Vitamin

Folic acid

Mineral

Iron

Vitamin

Vitamin c

Vitamin

Biotin

Ingredient intelligence

How it works

The most elaborate absorption route of any vitamin - and it fills up fast.

Step 01 / 04

Freed from food.

Stomach acid and pepsin release cobalamin from the protein it is bound to in food.

01 04

Molecule

Cobalamin - the only vitamin with a metal

Metal at its centre

Cobalt

Absorption limit

~1.5 to 2 mcg per dose

Made in nature by

Bacteria only

Descriptive of the ingredient's established biology. Not a claim to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.